Alcatraz Essay -- essays research papers

As the cold waters rush into the San Francisco Bay, they crash up against an island standing in the strait. This rock is hidden by the fog and isolated by the chilling waters of the Pacific that flow in and out every day. It has a gloom that hangs about its rocky face most know it as Alcatraz but the men who experienced this island, referred to her as â€Å"The Rock†. To the men confined there, it is not only the ultimate in isolation but the most ironic because they are there in the midst of the activity of a busy harbor with small craft darting to and from San Francisco, Oakland, Alameda, Berkeley, Richmond, and Sausalito; within sound of the honking horns of a ceaseless procession of automobiles crossing the bridges; within sight of ocean liners as they glide through the Golden Gate to far away ports in the vast Pacific, and within sight and sound of air clippers and their buzzing motors, all reminding them that life is near but freedom is so far. James A. Johnston Alcatra z was the dreaded prison of all criminals. This penitentiary was a sign of long term confinement and isolation. The island has gone through many changes in its time, from serving as a military fort in the mid 1850s, as a military prison in the early 1900s, as a national prison in the mid 1900s and, as it is today, serving as a national museum and park. The military took this island as a fort in 1909 and construction of a concrete cellblock was started on the uppermost plateau of the island. It was used as a military prison during these years. However, it soon became over crowded and three years later construction of the new cell house took place. Once completed, the inmates were moved into this cellhouse which had spacious cells, and more importantly, central heating. In addition, a well-equipped medical facility was now available onsite, thus eliminating the need to transfer sick, yet dangerous, inmates off the island for care in hospitals on the main land. Life on Alcatraz, popularly named as â€Å"The Rock†, was not easy for the inmates. During the early years on Alcatraz, incarceration meant hard labor on the grounds of the island. However, by the mid 20’s, rumors began to circulate about the country of unspeakable conditions the inmates had to endure on the island. Outcry from the public persisted, forcing the military to make a decision. Faced with the expense of operating the island an... .... The salt water from the bay had taken its toll on the prison. The concrete in the cellhouses and other buildings absorbed much of the salt from the air and were quickly disintegrating. This is why it was so easy for this last escape to take place. It was estimated that it would take close to 5 million dollars to repair Alcatraz. That was a cost that the government was not willing to spend. The operating costs of Alcatraz were also looked over. The cost of shipping food and other supplies to the island was becoming more expensive and it was found that it was no longer cost efficient to keep â€Å"The Rock† in use. In 1963 Alcatraz was closed down by the decision of Robert F. Kennedy. Despite the closing of Alcatraz as a prison, there is still activity among these rocks. This island, formerly a place of solitude and desolation, now serves as a National Park and museum. The Golden Gate National Recreation Area was established in 1972 and Alcatraz was included as one of these parks. Over one million people visit â€Å"The Rock† each year, including tourists from around the globe. The island of Alcatraz has become one of the most popular attractions in the Bay Area and its stories live on.

Nexity and the Us Banking Industry

Introduction of Nexity3 I. External Analysis3 A. Industry and Demand Analysis3 B. PEST Analysis6 II. INTERNAL ANALYSIS9 A. Resources View Analysis. 9 B. Value chain analysis10 III. Nexity Financial analysis12 A. Nexity bank business model and strategies. 12 B. Nexity Financial Analysis. 13 IV. SWOT ANALYSIS15 V. TOWS ANALYSIS16 Conclusion17 Introduction of Nexity Nexity is an online bank, which was initially called the People State of Grand and it was opened in February 2000. Its headquarters are located in Birmingham, Alabama, USA.Currently, David Long is the President of Nexity and Greg Lee the CEO. The turnover represented an amount of $13,018 millions in 2003. Banking online is a very good opportunity for the banking industry, there was a projection of 67 million of American using it by 2007 compared to 38 millions by 2003. There were a lot of players in this competitive market but Nexity had a generic strategy of differentiation by spreading its geographic and demographic custom er base throughout the US. External Analysis Industry and Demand AnalysisHistorically, there was a rebound of the banking industry and rapid growth in this area after the Great Depression and World War II, with the hope to keep the industry from being highly concentrated. Indeed, the US banking industry was a fragmented and dispersed system but it changed in the 1980’s. These changes were due to financial legislation which wanted to lead to a more integrated financial system in US in terms of activities and products The deregulation led to consolidation and consequently to new rivalry.Helped by the Gramm Leach Bliley’s Act offering extended banking but also by the changes in communication and information technologies, the US banking industry knew a merger mania and a lot of acquisitions were done. All had the same goal : to develop a more national brand recognition in a market newly concentrated. But scandals also appeared due to these new changes. Concerning the size of the industry, it is obvious that the concentration could be seen between 1980 and 2002.Number of institutions declined from 14,434 to 7,887 contrary to their branches which raised a lot from 38,738 to 66,185. However it is important to make the distinction here between two types of banks. At first, there were the brick-and-mortar banks and then appeared the virtual ones, such as Nexity. Now, let’s compare Nexity in the US virtual banking environment by a review of the main actors performances in 2002. |Institution |Assets (in thousands) |Deposits (in thousands) | |E*Trade Bank $17,453,676 |$9,157,328 | |ING Direct |16,142,091 |13,112,826 | |NetBank |4,280,899 |2,479,421 | |Principal Bank |1,967,342 |1,826,018 | |BMW Bank of North America |1,149,732 |156,983 | |National Interbank |645,448 |528,516 | |Nexity Bank |501,167 |368,523 | |American Bank |472,181 |336,288 | Here we can see that Nexity is the 7th virtual bank on the market in terms of assets. More important, we also notice that E*Trade Bank and ING Direct are the first and second ones, with a huge gap separating them from the others, among which competition is really hard. Porter’s five forcesEven though there are less and less institutions since the 1980’s, there is still a high rivalry among the competitors in virtual banks. Clients are more and more oriented to the more rentable channels like internet and ATMs. Virtual banks consequently deliver a lot of services but only through internet that allow to reduce costs in occupancy and salaries in order to offer better rates of interest (to 3 times better than averages). Virtual low-costs positioned banks compete against other virtual banks with good customer service, in-house costumer data and service center operations, strong management teams, a good mix of attractively priced products, and low marketing costs.It’s a price competition which includes lower margins directly. What about the entry barriers with potential entr ants? It is a low threat. The largest barrier to entry is the expenses in founding a bank: a new bank needs to raise 8-12 million to begin operations. But start-up costs for virtual banks are much less expensive than for traditional banks: virtual banks could begin operations for millions less than traditional banks (no offices, etc. ) , even though they’ll have to invest a lot in marketing and advertising budgets in order to attract depositors at the start-up time. The second barrier is loyalty to older, larger, and more established brand-name banks.Here we can talk about a network effect. And third, an existing bank holding company provides investments and backing for the new bank by spinning off a separate banking entity. Concerning the substitutes, the only ones could be traditional banks because people need safety and want to be sure about their money by advices. There would be a switch from virtual banks to brick-and-mortar ones, because people are deceived or want to e xperiment again the first one, with a better consideration of its advantages. But there is less possibility for this than the opposite because people want more and more to gain time. That’s why there is a low threat of substitutes. Clients are the buyers.They have a relative bargaining power especially on the rate of interest on borrows. The first have an interest to bargain and have a bargaining power because of the rate of interest as a complement revenue and because banks need liquidity to operate. He can have some influence on the bank with other clients. Word of mouth works a lot with a service you use daily. Brand recognition also can be negative. Suppliers: They are the companies that provide inputs/services that banks purchase in order to be able to borrow and lend money. It can be a safety certificate for online web, labels†¦etc. With an environment impacted by scandals, they can have a bargaining power but it is still relative because there are a lot of supplie rs. ==> Internal rivalry, Buyers and Suppliers are the strongest forces in the US online bank industry, whereas potential entrances and substitutes are the weakest.Key Success Factors can consequently be defined for this industry: forecasting all the marketing and communication budget for implementing and then keeping talking about the bank for new customers; using the more rentable channels for the customers; offering low rate of interest in borrowing and high for revenues to client and convincing people of the value of virtual banks ; implementing more and more safety with technologies. PEST Analysis One of the main points in the external analysis is the PEST analysis. The goal of this part is to determine which are the main external forces affecting the US banking industry.Then, we will introduce and analyse in the following development which factors impact directly positively or negatively this sector in dividing them on the political, economic, social and technological views . On the political view, the US government has a place of protagonist in the current US banking system. In fact, US government launched series of laws which have completely changed the US banking landscape such as the Reigle-Neal Interstate Banking and Branching Efficiency Act and the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act. The first one allowed a bank holding company to buy another bank anywhere through the United States without taking into account the state law. The second one allowed affiliation between banks, securities firms and insurance company.Logically, this deregulation, or the opening of state market that it includes, has strongly impacted the US landscape in increasing the competition on the national area. Moreover, the deregulation led to a merger mania that is to say institutions use a process mergers and acquisitions in integrating vertically and/or horizontally in order to have more costumers and so to gain market shares, and to develop the range of products and services. Finally, t he impact of the US government could be seen as an opportunity for banks (the biggest currently) which got out as leaders to the deregulation and merger mania because the market is bigger but as an threat for banks which went to bankrupt.It’s significant to notice how the Fed affects the economy and the US banking system through the actions on the real interest rates. In fact, because the Fed can set the nominal funds rate as a sole supplier of reserves for US banks. But it can influence too the real interest rate thanks to the set of the monetary policy that will operate in the future (the monetary policy of tomorrow influences the real interest rate of today). Then, the Fed has a direct impact on the level of the real rates and consequently on the whole of economy. For example, if the real rates are lower, the activity of banks will increase because borrowing costs will decrease and investments from households will increase in order to buy goods or services.Increasing of co nsumption from householders will boost the different industries which will invest in capital, in production capacity or in labour (decrease of unemployment). Reducing real rates will get investments as common stock more attractive and will boost the US internal business in limiting imports because the foreign exchange value of the dollar is reduced and so, the foreign product get more expensive. On the economic point of view, multiple factors should be taken into account. One of the most significant points is the interest rate which is developed upside. Finally, that represents an opportunity if the real rates are declining and rather a threat if it is growing. Moreover, other non-negligible point is the purchasing power of households.In fact, according to some economic theories, an increasing part of households’ consumption is oriented to service expenses on the one hand, and, on the other hand, other certain part of it matches to savings. Generally speaking, a growing purch asing power represents an opportunity for banks because deposits increase and the banks are more resources for investments on financial markets. But it’s essential to notice that two significant elements have a direct impact on the purchasing power of households: the unemployment rate and the inflation rate. Effectively, if the unemployment rate is increasing and/or if the inflation rate is superior to the increasing rate of wages means that the global purchasing power is decreasing.Social factors impact directly the US banking system because of the diversity of the population, the demography, the differences of client expectations concerning bank services†¦ all of these elements play a role on the behaviour of the clients. The first point that we have to take into account is the fact that an average costumer want to have trust and confidence in his financial institution. That’s why banks have to reassure their clients about the financial health of the institution , about the quality of the offered services and about the security of the operating system. That is a positive impact for oldest bank which have developed a brand name and focused on a client-loyalty strategy or for biggest institution which bring proof to the financial health. But through the analysis of the demography, we can categorise the population.For example, old people prefer to keep a physical contact with the banker in opposition to youngest people which have more confidence and more ability to make financial operations on new channels as internet. Moreover, we can distinguish clients in function of their expectations: long-term engagement combined with quality of services against short-term engagement with profitability (hit-an-run costumer for example). This categorisation of the population linked to a particular behaviour can be seen in parallel to the age, race, social level, kind of job occupied†¦ then we can say that it’s more an opportunity for tradition al banks which offer a largest range of products and channels.Concerning the technological factors what is significant to put in relief is the technological improvements perceived as an opportunity for banks and the threat of hackers linked to this news technologies. In fact, thanks to the technological improvements, banks have more and more ways to meet the consumers themselves and these needs. Banks use different ways to satisfy clients such as ATMs, debit cards, call centers and telephone banking, wireless banking and internet sites. These are channels to keep a constant contact with the client for different reasons and to be all the time available to respond to any demand. Moreover, banks develop strategic technology partnerships (like Fiserv for Nexity for example) in order to save the cost of technology and to have the last updated software.Updating software limits the risk of hacking and restores confidence of clients about the security on the account financial information. B ut even if a regular updating software and a reinforcement of the security, the threat of hacking stays pervasive. Furthermore, with the development of internet, we have seen emerged a new kind of competitors for the traditional banks which are the virtual banks as Nexity or ING Direct. INTERNAL ANALYSIS Nexity gets the opportunity to growth quite fast and its profitability could be High. In order to understand the most appropriate strategy of the company, we will try to highlight its different aspects by presenting its Resources View Analysis and its Value Chain. A. Resources View Analysis.As the matrix exhibit 7 shows us, the company benefit of a high improvement of its assets that reinforce its capacity to provide a high level quality range of products Tangible asset: Due to its activity, the company owns few tangible asset. In fact, its services allow it to only get some offices from its acquisition of People bank of Alabama with 30$ in asset. The company have also a competitive advantage thanks to the location of its call centre that facilitate the exchange of data between the main office and the call centre. Intangible asset: By getting a top tier award from Bankrate for its High yield on money market accounts and certificate of deposit, the company proves to its customers its efficiency and in capacity to provide good quality products.By acquiring People bank of Alabama, Nexity has get as well a know-how of over 100 years, which gives it a significant advantage compare to its competitors, as it has enjoyed the different expertises made by the former company so it has been able to produce High quality products but also reinforce the formers one adapting them to the new requirement of the market, and it remains also a good point for its advertising with it customers: they can focus it with the over 100 year of experience which people are sensitive with. It also ahs the Web Trust Seal accreditation that is a certification from the services of the American Institute of Certificate Public Accountant and the Canadian Institute of Chartered Accounts. It proves that its website delivers safe services. So it reinforces the trust its customers give it but also can be very useful in order to attract new one and to spread its market.Capabilities  : By getting its break-even point in only 18 month, Nexity has a strong competitive advantage compare to most of its competitors that usually get it in 3 years average. That is to say the company can invest money in R&D for example in order to create and provide highest quality product. It proves that the company realises large economy of scale, that it is highly efficient to get result and it is as well relevant that it is very successful. Its renowned customer service, which has a very good image with its Customer, as it remains friendly and quick, allow the company to keep its customers as they trust it to give them High quality services.It is the result of the proximity between the main office and the call centre: employees are able to provide High quality answers to customers as they keep being updated about the characteristics of the products and services and the evolution of them. The competitors cannot give as quick answer as Nexity does because they might have their call centre farer away from their office, and maybe abroad, sot hey cannot give more relevant answer as Nexity does. By reimbursing customers using other ATM than Nexity’s ones, the company can meet some weaknesses as it costs it quite a lot of money Value chain analysis Firm infrastructure: The firm has a main office with all the facility costs to support, and its call centre with the same type of costs.So all those generic costs are not a constraint for Nexity and they can concentrate their budget to the R&D or to the improvement of its strengths such as the customers service. Human resources management: The main cost is due to the call centre as the company is very focused to give a high custome r service. Technology development: Nexity website is highly renowned as it gets the Web Trust Seal accreditation, which is a proof of quality for a company that uses the Internet for its distribution channel Inbound logistics: As the company provides services, it only has to increase if necessary its tangible and intangible assets. So it has not have to deal with any inbound logistic and it is a strength for its economy of scale politic. Operation:This might be the main department of the company as employees from the call centre with present the different product but also supply strong customer services; and those to point are the most important one for the firm to provide a competitive advantage compare to its rival. Marketing and sales Focusing on an Internet-based advertising channel like Bankrate. com, the company invest quite a lot to improve its visibility in order to attract as many people as possible throughout the 50 states of the USA. The fact that Nexity proposes a lot of products and services constraints them to spend a lot because they want to provide the best services. This is the result of adopting a differentiation strategy based on reducing costs. Services:The company provides a strong customer service in order to keep them as they can be very versatile and find another bank if they are unsatisfied. So it is very important for Nexity to be focused on that and the fact that call centre employees are close to the main office give them a qualitative advantage as people mainly remains satisfied. Nexity Financial analysis A. Nexity bank business model and strategies. Nexity bank is a virtual bank wich works only on internet and earns money from interests rates based on loans. Nexity is build from traditional banking practices, that means this bank is able to deliver all the advantages and financial products[1] as a normal bank but with no branche.David Long and the others managers decided to applied for their bank the  «Ã‚  Blue Ocean Strategy  Ã‚ » wich links at the same time  «Ã‚  differentiation and low costs strategies  Ã‚ ». One can talk about blue ocean strategy, because the market was not established and competitors were not really present in this sector. This strategy aims to create a new market space and to make competition irrelevant. Nexity’s builders knew that, if they were able to propose at the same time good quality products with attractive interest rates coupled with an efficient call centre they will earn market shares and money. These criterias permited to develop the Nexity’s strengh, and one can observe that the differenciation is based on these same criterias  : an efficient call center and good quality product at the lowest price.If Nexity has attractive interest rates, is just because, it doesn’t have to pay high overhead costs (no branche) so Nexity can pay more interest on deposits and charge lower rates on loans. This is the second part of the  «Ã‚  bleu ocean strateg y  Ã‚ », the  «Ã‚  low costs  Ã‚ » strategy because adopting this concept Nexity attracts price-sensitive consumers. Nexity has the lowest interest rate for the cheking but has the highest for One-year Certificate Deposit and Money Market. That means, Nexity wants to keep its consumer. Nexity doesn’t want to be a simple bank where consumers only want to check their accounts. Nexity prefers to have people whose need loans and are engaged with the bank. Moreover, Nexity proposes bank’s services and bill pay online.With these offers, the bank aims to work with people between 32 and 49 years old, with an income average of $81,600 and investible assets of $320,300 and these persons spend at minimum 27 hours per week on the internet. So these people have money and spend many time on the internet that permits to the bank to benefit of  «Ã‚  good quality  Ã‚ » consumers. Finally one can underline that Nexity adopt also the  «Ã‚  low cost strategy  Ã‚ » for its ad vertising. In fact they did all their advertising on the Internet so they benefited of a huge advertising compaign at the lowest price. Nexity Financial Analysis. Previously, one observed the strategies employed by Nexity in order to become an important actor in the US (virtual) banking industry. Now, it’s important to know if these strategies are efficients or not.Firstly, if one look at the bank net income growth, one can observed that the net income had grown by 181% in 3 years, from $-3,032,000 in 2000 to a profit of $2,461,000 in 2003. This is really important growth wich reflects the good health of the business. [pic] Evolution of the net income between 2000 and 2003 One can also observe if the bank respects its strategies. The turnover has grown by 250% in three years wheras the overheads grown by only 16%. So Nexity respects the strategy of keeping overheads costs low in order to offer interesting interest rates. If one looks at the distribution of the turnover betwee n the interest income and noninterest income, it can observe that the Nexity makes 97. 1% of its turnover with interest rates and only 2. 79% with the noninterest rates. Secondly, it is interesting to observe some financial ratios  : – The coumpound annual growth wich gives the annual growth rate. And for Nexity, this ratio is around 30%. It is a good indicator for the company’s development. – The return on equity, wich is relevant for a bank because it gives the bank’s profitability by revealing how much profit the bank generates with the money shareholders have invested. For Nexity, the ROE passed from -32,71 in 2000 to 12,99 in 2003. One can easily observed that in three years Nexity learnt how to make money with shareholders investments. The efficiency ratio evaluates the overhead efficiency structure of a Financial institution. Banking is no different from any industry. If the bank wants to survive the bank has to keep overhead costs down.The effic iency ration permits to measure how the bank is operating, how much money the bank must spend to generate each dollar its bring on. In the Nexity case, this ratio is getting lower and it is good for the bank ans its shareholder. . In fact the ratio passed from 230. 69 in 2000 to 63. 54 in 2003. Lower the ratio, better it is for the bank. So, one can conclude that Nexity respects its commitments because the bank makes money from interest rates and keeps its overhead costs low. SWOT ANALYSIS STRENGHTS |Large range of product | | |High satisfaction of customers | | |High quality of customer services | | |Many awards from Bankrate( high quality of products | | |High efficiency of the website( Web Trust Seal Accreditation | | |Strong expertise thanks to the acquisition of People’s bank of Alabama (over 100 years of | | |experience in the Banking sector) | | |Growth of its assets (over + 400% from July 00 to July 2003) | | Good compound annual growth | |WEAKNESSES |Some costs can b e avoid (ATM reimbursements) | | |Increase of other borrowed funds that has to be controlled | |OPPORTUNITIES |Impact of the American government with the deregulation of the market ( advantages for | | |leaders | | |Internal rivalry buyers and suppliers | | |Forecasting all the marketing and communication budget | | |Bank and bill pay online customers present the most interesting profiles (high income and | | |lots of investable assets) | |THREATS |Hard to attract new customers as they rely a lot on their old financial institutions. | | |Hackers | | |New competitors should appear | TOWS ANALYSIS |STRENGHTS |WEAKNESSES | | |Large range of product |Some costs can be avoid (ATM | | |High satisfaction of customers |reimbursements) | | |High quality of customer services |Increase of other borrowed funds that has| | |Many awards from Bankrate( high quality of products |to be controlled | |High efficiency of the website( Web Trust Seal Accreditation | | | |Strong expertise thanks to the ac quisition of People’s bank of | | | |Alabama (over 100 years of experience in the Banking sector) | | | |Growth of its assets (over + 400% from July 00 to July 2003) | | | |Good compound annual growth | | |OPPORTUNITIES |Improve the advertising on internet and traditional media channel in |Open a new office in another state in | |Impact of the American government with the deregulation |order to get new customers |order to understand the market of the | |of the market ( advantages for leaders |Make advertising on the financial media (magazine, news papers†¦) in |western state that have a different | |Internal rivalry buyers and suppliers |order to target a segment that have high income and asset to invest |demography (different insurance depending| |Forecasting all the marketing and communication budget |(managers, directors, institutions†¦) |on the state( natural disaster) | |Bank and bill pay online customers present the most |To hire a good communication manager t o improve the visibility | | |interesting profiles (high income and lots of investable|Propose investment solutions in order to propose high yield products | | |assets) |(for institutions and high income) | | | |Improve more and more the quality of services given by the call | | | |centre to customers | | |THREATS | | |Impact of the American government with the deregulation | | | |of the market ( advantages for leaders | | | |Internal rivalry buyers and suppliers | | | |Forecasting all the marketing and communication budget |Improvement of the quality of the web platform in order to propose |Invest in getting its own ATM system in | |Bank and bill pay online customers present the most |safe services |order to avoid reimbursement and do | |interesting profiles (high income and lots of investable|Improvement of the back up system |economy in long term keep doing its | |assets) | |strategy based on low costs | |People are mistrustful with bank on line | | | | | | |Even if we could sugg est many recommendations, we would choose the SO strategy: the company has to reinforce his strengths as the market can involve positively and it can really propose a competitive advantage compare to its competitors based on the low prices of its products. Nexity would need to be focused on improving its marketing and communication but as well the quality of the websites to win the trust of customers. Conclusion As one said in this paper, Nexity bank has many strenghts which allow it to be one of the learder on the market. Moreover they apply correctly the blue ocean strategy which allow them to generate more profits and to count more clients, but senior executive can not stay on these basis. If they want Nexity to be the number one into this business they have to improve their capacity of attractiveness towards potentials clients.

Apple Inc. A Model Of Eight Steps For Change Management

Apple Inc., formerly Apple Computer, Inc., is a multinational corporation which designs and manufactures consumer electronics, personal computers, computer software and commercial servers. Their main product lines are the iPhone smart phone, iPad tablet computer, iPod portable media players and Macintosh computer line. They have also developed Apple Stores application for iphone, ipad and iPod. To become successful in the business industry, companies must have a vision and a clear purpose. Apple Inc. is one of those highly performed companies with a strong vision statement. The company’s original vision is to make computers as well as innovative tools and upgrade these products over the years. In today’s world, changing economic and social environment challenges trigger companies to proactively review business processes and to adapt to changes in the business environment. To become successful in this competitive job market, Apple needed to make sure to implement their vision and necessary proactive steps to engage it in the work environment. Leading Change by John P. Kotter mentioned a model of eight steps for change management. Each step provides a roadmap of dealing changes and how leaders can implement this eight stage model for successful change effort. Due to technological advancement and globalization, Apple has had different success and failure stories in implementing their vision. 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(Notion) was incorporated by two friends of twenty years; Brett Jurgens and Ryan Margoles in 2011.(1.) Both the founders were affiliated with University of Colorado at Boulder as undergraduate students. Brett and Ryan with years of experience in the field business and new product development decided to unite their skills in 2011 as a business venture. Loop was formed to provide potential clients solutions that will allow them to be aware of changes to a particular environment

What Is a Network Solid

A network solid is a substance made up of an array of repeating covalently bonded atoms. Network solids are also known as covalent network solids. Because of the way atoms are arranged, a network solid may be considered a type of macromolecule. Network solids may be either crystals or amorphous solids. Network Solid Examples Diamonds are network solids made of carbon atoms. Quartz is a network solid made of continuous SiO2 subunits. A silicon crystal is another example, consisting of Si atoms. Network Solid Properties The covalent bonding lends network solids characteristic properties: Generally insoluble in any solventVery hardHigh melting pointLow electrical conductivity in the liquid phaseVariable electrical conductivity in the solid phase (depends on bonding) Source Zumdahl, Steven S.; Zumdahl, Susan A. (2000). Chemistry (5 ed.). Houghton Mifflin, pp. 470–6. ISBN 0-618-03591-5.

Serial Killer Diary - 714 Words

â€Å"Check it. It’s the diary from that serial killer. Maybe we can find his motives for all those murders that keep happening,† the investigator noted. He flipped through the pages of the journal and glanced at the last page. It was half written and there was a bloody handprint that smeared down near the bottom. â€Å"Read it. We got nothin’ better to do,† his partner replied hastily. â€Å"July 8, 2021. Beautiful day out here. We have had this pretty cool president for a few months. Overall life is good. My music career is getting better as well, yada yada yada†¦Ã¢â‚¬  the investigator rolled his eyes. â€Å"This is dumb. It’s just some 26 year old acting 12 with a diary.† â€Å"Skip to the date of the first murder. Maybe that will provide some information,† his†¦show more content†¦I miss them very much. February 13, 2022. I hardly interact with anyone anymore. My body is covered in the scars of self harm and I’m so thin from never eating. I think I stopped taking care of myself when Lilac died. She was really sweet and kept me in check. More murder has happened, and because of the murder there has been more cases of attempted suicide. It’s only a matter of time before an investigation is done at my house. All the victims have been friends of mine. I wish this never happened. February 19th, 2022. Mom died. March 6th, 2022. The police suspect me because of all the evidence found in my closet, drawers, and even under my bed. I go to court soon, but it’s not likely I will be back. No one will believe me, so I’ll get killed on the spot or put in a mental asylum. I miss everyone. I miss myself. March 9th, 2022. If you’re reading this, I know who keeps killing everyone. Turn your attention to my sister, Hannah who has been diagnosed with borderline personality disorder, not the sibling diagnosed with clinical depression. No one will believe me though, but it doesn’t matter. All the ones I loved dearly are gone, and there’s no one i can protect. I hear footsteps down the hall. Please, if you’re reading this, live life to the fullest I guess. I’m sor- The page was cut off and was covered in blood. A young musician named Erin did not commit suicide, he was murdered in his bedroom the evening of March 9th, 2022. His sister was found nowhere in theShow MoreRelatedAcceleration by Graham Mcnamee Essay1333 Words   |  6 Pagesplanning for the serial killings of three women. Duncan decides to make amends for his failure last summer by tracking down the owner of the journal by using clues left hidden in the diary. After talking with his friend Vinny, Duncan decides to turn the journal over to the police, but they do not take him seriously, so he decides to get help from Vinny, do some research at the local library, and find out where the killer works and lives so they can prove to the police the diary is for real. But inRead MoreAcceleration by Graham McNamee Essay1323 Words   |  6 Pagesplanning for the serial killings of three women. Duncan decides to make amends for his failure last summer by tracking down the owner of the journal by using clues left hidden in the diary. After talking with his friend Vinny, Duncan decides to turn the journal over to the police, but they do not take him seriously, so he decides to get help from Vinny, do some research at the local library, and find out where the killer works and lives so they can prove to the police the diary is for real. But inRead MoreMind Hunter Essay1648 Words   |  7 PagesInvestigative Support Unit. Douglas explains the steps and techniques used in profiling an offender, by putting himself inside the mind of a killer and victim. Douglas has interviews with famous serial killers in prison. Douglas learned a lot about what was going on inside the killer’s mind, with clues he left at a crime scene. In the book Douglas describes serial killer’s main goals are hunting and killing. They want the feeling of being and wanting to have complete control over their victims. DouglasRead MoreAcceleration Key Questions: Before Reading the Novel2472 Words   |  10 Pagesin italics, for example chapter three. Why do you think the author has chosen to use italics? The author has wrote like this because it is a journal entry he was reading. 6. You already know the story about Duncan and his quest to locate a serial killer. Make a prediction about how the story will end. I predict that Duncan is going to die to save someone else. Key Questions: A Scavenger Hunt 1. Eviscerate- To remove all organs in a body Insomnia- difficulty falling asleep every night 2Read MoreEnglish Serial Killers: Jack the Ripper1449 Words   |  6 PagesFinal Research Paper One-hundred twenty-five years ago England saw its first serial killer, Jack the Ripper. His mysterious identity and evasion from the police intrigues people who enjoy learning about the criminal acts of infamous serial killers. There was poverty in this time in London and was having trouble with the overcrowding of people. Jack the Ripper has a very distinctive style of killing and all his victims were all killed a certain way. He was never caught because of the lack of technologyRead MoreEssay Countess Elizabeth Bathory: Serial Killer 941 Words   |  4 Pages With the complexity and brutality of her crimes, Elizabeth Bathory is known as the most sadistic and prolific serial killer in the world; even more so, she stands out because she is a female that is rare: especially in the Elizabethan Era. Bathory was believed to have been responsible for the murders of 600 virgin girls. She was certain that a drop of blood would make her look youthful again, but was convinced that bathing in the blood of girls who were virgins would take years off her. BecauseRead MoreEducation Is The Most Important Aspect Of Life2012 Words   |  9 Pagesvehicle. He is distraught at the loss of his wife and goes through all of her possessions; he finds it strange that all her things are labeled for a specific person, almost as if she knew she would be dying shortly thereafter. His only solace is in her diaries, a stack of them left to him on her desk-the only item not labeled for someone else. As he begins to read, her penmanship flows into his eyes to teach hi m her innermost thoughts and feelings, but as the pages go on the more puzzled the man becomesRead More Serial Killers in the U.S. Essays4042 Words   |  17 PagesBefore we can discuss what serial killers do, we must first define what a serial killer is. Some people might place serial killers into the same group as mass murderers. This would be incorrect because they are two totally different types of killers. While both of these individuals may kill many people, the difference lies in the reason they kill and the period over which they kill their victims. An event or a build up of circumstance triggers mass murderers and causes them to act. This mayRead MoreDr. Dahmer And Dennis Nilsen4366 Words   |  18 Pages two cases that I personally found most gripping were those of the infamous Jeffrey Dahmer and Dennis Nilsen. Like most people in the UK, I too am familiar with the crimes of Nilsen, the Scottish serial killer well known for forming sexual relationships with his victims. Albeit the second serial killer is less well known in Britain, Jeffrey Dahmer is a household name in USA and became particularly famous for cannibalising and sodomising his latter victims. My project will attempt to draw on bothRead MoreEssay about Summary for Jack the Ripper840 Words   |  4 PagesAllison Armstrong History 111 Professor Bruce Dickerson March 28, 2013 â€Å"The Hunt for Jack the Ripper† Jack the Ripper was said to be the first serial killer in the modern sense. In the article â€Å"The Hunt for Jack the Ripper,† William D. Rubinstein’s main idea is to explain and examined some of the murder victims, and possible suspects for Jack the Ripper. Rubinstein goes into great detail to try and define who the ripper actually was, but this is still an unsolved mystery in history. Rubinstein’s

Role of Media for Society-Free-Samples for Students-Myassignment

Question: Discuss about the Important Role of Media to Play in the Society. Answer: Media has a very important role to play in the society. The functions of media personnel in order to ensure that best practices are observed, has to be based on the code of ethics and the existing law of the land (Herring 2014). Media personnel have various responsibilities towards the society and the subjects they deal with. It is there duty to maintain standards and accuracy when it comes to the reporting of facts. It is expected from the reporters that they are accurate as much as possible with respect to the allocated time for story preparations along with available spaces. It is the duty of media reporters to always seek reliable resources to base their assertations (Davis and Taras 2017). The role of journalists is to gain information and often they are prevented from accessing it. Journalists even sometimes die trying to collect information as it is not possible for them to function without it. According to the ABC code of practice the media reporters have a dual obligation of high quality and accountability (ABC 2017). In relation to accuracy the code states that presenting and gathering information has to be accurate and based on the recognized standards. According to the standards, the media personnel have a duty to ensure that they accurately present material facts in context and do not indulge in presenting factual content in a way which likely to materially mislead the audience. The reporters are also expected to include explanatory information and other appropriate labels. In the case in hand it has been provided that Allen Keys who is a Melbourne Channel 4 TV journalist has been informed by one of his police sources that a women aged 35 years is probably going to be arrested with charges of her husband being missing. The name and address of the women has also been provided by the source. When the reported reached the address he was in good faith allowed by the women to conduct an interview. During the interview it had been provided by the women M rs. Jones that she is still hoping that her husband will come home who is missing since two weeks. However, keys in this case had not followed the guidelines of the code of ethics and had tweeted which is followed by 240 followers, that the husband is likely dead and his wife is the primary suspect. In this case it is clear that the information provided by Keys is not in accordance to the code of practices which provides that an information has to be accurate as far as possible. Although given the time the husband had been missing it can be interpreted that he is likely dead, it was not appropriate on the part of Keys to provided on twitter that the wife is the prime suspect as he did not have any basis to support this tweet. Moreover according to the interview which was allowed in good faith by Mrs. Jones he should have included in the tweet that the wife is still waiting for her husband According to the privacy fact sheets as provided by the National Privacy Principles which is based on Schedule 3 of the Privacy Act 1988 information must not be collected by an organization unless it necessary to collect such information for its activities or functions (Oaic.gov.au 2017). The information which is collected by an organization has to be done in accordance to law and by fair means and not in a way which is unreasonably intrusive. Whenever any information is collected by a reported it must be insured that the person whose information is being collected has knowledge about the identification and contact of the organization, the fact that access can be gained by him or her to the information, the reason for which the information is getting collected, the organization to which the person will disclose the information, legal rights of the person while collecting information and the consequences if any if true information is not provided. It is further provided that informati on has to be only collected for the person about whom the information is being collected as far as possible (Overbeck, Belmas and Shepard 2015). It is also the duty of media reporters to keep data confidential which have been collected by them through sources which have requested them to do so. In the given circumstances the interview has which was done with Mrs Jones was broadcasted by the channel that night. In that broadcast a Police PR statement had been included which stated that the police is still searching for Mr. Ted. However it had been provided by Keys in that broadcast that it has been provided to him by police sources that the prime suspect for the presumed death of the person is Mrs. Jones. In such situation it was wrong on the part of the Keys to disclose information which was totally provided to him on a confidential basis by the police source. In addition the information collected by reporter sent by Melbourne Mirror newspaper is not in accordance to the provisions of the privacy act. It is clearly stated in the Act that information must not be collected in a way which accounts to unnecessary intrusion of privacy of the person. The photo was clicked through the window even after an interview had been rejected by Mr. Jones. In addition there was no necessity of clicking her photo as she had already given an interview which was broadcasted at channel 4. Thus it can be stated that the photo click in an illegitimate manner was not necessary on the part of the reporter. Another issue which has is present in the scenario was the presence of Key on this footpath. In such case it would be considered by Mrs. Jones that the reporter is a part of Channel 4 as she recognizes Keys working for Channel 4. Further no information was provided by the reporter to Mrs. Jones while collecting personal information (Her image). Such action would further result in the breach of the provisions of the Privacy Act by the reporter. According to the privacy fact sheets as provided by the National Privacy Principles which is based on Schedule 3 of the Privacy Act 1988 a reporter or an organization must not disclose any information about any person for any other purpose other than for what it has been collected unless the secondary purpose is connected to the primary purpose or there would be a reasonable expectation on the part of the individual that there information would be used for such reasons (Lipschultz 2017). Further the fact sheets provided it is the duty of a media organization to takes steps which a reasonable person would take towards protecting personal information. Australians are provided a guaranteed right of privacy which has been included in the commonwealth constitution. Laws have also been included to protect a person from secret recording and trespass. However there is balance between the right of public to know and the right to privacy (Pearson and Polden 2014). In the given scenario it has been provided that the photo which had been taken by the reporter of Mrs. Jones in an illegitimate manner had been published in the Mirror News Paper with the heading that Missing Man Feared Dead. Media has a significant role to pay in the society and what they show has a serious effect on the subject. As the news has been published by the newspaper the police had arrested Jane on the charges of murder. This was done even before anybody had been found and while the search of the body was still on. Thus it establishes that the police were persuaded by the report in the newspaper to make an arrest. This was against the code of ethics for media reports as they are not supposed to present a story in such a way so as to persuade a public authority to have a different view about the case. In addition Keys further tweeted that the case had been solved but the body has not been found even before Mrs. Jones had been taken to court . This action of Keys is to be considered as contempt of cour t as it may prejudice the fair chances of Mrs. Jones towards a trial because Keys has also signified to the public that Mrs. Jones is guilty of the murder. In addition the tweet made by Keys had been re-tweeted by Mirror through its only story reporting adding up the tweet the words risky move. The actions of Mirror cannot be considered to be a contempt of court as it signifies that the move of the police to arrest Mrs. Jones before the body has been discovered based on the reports of mirror can be risky. This is not a contempt as it does not prejudice the chances of Mrs. Jones to a fair trial and moreover it is not infringing copyright as it has been used for the purpose of criticism. Media organizations are also subjected to copyright laws. In Australia a creator of an intellectual property is given copyrights as soon as the work is created. This is to ensure that innovation and creativity can be promoted and people who create original works are given due protection of their work (Conger, Pratt and Loch 2013). Copyright provisions are also applicable on the information which is generated by the media. Section 41 and 42 of the Copyright Act deals with fair dealing. As provided by section 41 of the CA, a dealing in a fair manner with respect to dramatic, artistic, literary or musical work or the adaptation of such work does not establish a copyright infringement in case the work is used for the purpose of review or criticism in relation to that work or any other work along with sufficient acknowledgement of the work. Section 42 further states that the use of dramatic, musical artistic or literary work does not constitute copyright if such work is used for the purpo se of reporting news and adequate acknowledgement in relation to the work is done. In addition the section provides that the amount to be copied has to be fair. In recent case daily mail refused to pay a journalist for republishing her work in part. The journalist had conducted investigation which was rewritten by the newspaper which claimed that there is no copyright on idea. However the mail realized the significance of the case as it was subjected to immense criticism on twitter and an out of court settlement was reached between them and the journalist. In the provided circumstances it has been given that Mrs. Jones had been provided bail by the court as she had pleaded not guilty in relation to the alleged murder. While the court trial was going on the police found the body of Mr. Ted. As Mrs. Jones stepped outside the court she was questioned by a bunch of reporters. She had been questioned by the Mirror reporter that How do you feel about your husbands body being found at a dump?. Mrs. Jones replied to the question by stating that she did not know that her husband was dead until the question was asked. As the question was asked by the Mirror reporter it is deemed that the information has been created by him. However the ne ws had been broadcasted by another organization Radio 3VT. Although the work of the Mirror reporter had been copied for the purpose of news reporting it has to be considered that the entire and not merely a fair amount had been copied of the work and there was no acknowledgement that the question had been asked by the reporter from Mirror. The actions of 3VT are thus considered to be an infringement of the copyright laws and mirror is entitled to claim compensation for such actions. Further the presence of several reporters while the information was collected from Mrs. Jones does not have any effect on the situation which would be considered as a breach of the copyright provisions. References About the ABC. (2017). Code of Practice 2016. [online] Available at: https://about.abc.net.au/reports-publications/code-of-practice [Accessed 18 Aug. 2017]. Babcock, W.A. and Freivogel, W.H. eds., 2015.The SAGE Guide to Key Issues in Mass Media Ethics and Law. SAGE Publications. Butler, D.A. and Rodrick, S., 2015.Australian media law. Thomson Reuters (Professional) Australia Limited. Carron, X., Bosua, R., Maynard, S.B. and Ahmad, A., 2016. The Internet of Things and Its Impact on Individual Privacy: An Australian Privacy Principle Perspective.Computer Law Security Review,21(1), pp.4-15. Conger, S., Pratt, J.H. and Loch, K.D., 2013. Personal information privacy and emerging technologies.Information Systems Journal,23(5), pp.401-417. Copyright Act 1968 (Cth) Davis, R. and Taras, D. eds., 2017.Justices and Journalists. Cambridge University Press. Herring, J., 2014.Medical law and ethics. Oxford University Press, USA. Lipschultz, J.H., 2017.Social media communication: Concepts, practices, data, law and ethics. Taylor Francis. Oaic.gov.au, (2017). [online] Available at: https://www.oaic.gov.au/privacy.../privacy-fact-sheet-2-national-privacy-principles [Accessed 18 Aug. 2017]. Overbeck, W., Belmas, G. and Shepard, J., 2015.Major principles of media law, 2016. Nelson Education. Pearson, M. and Polden, M., 2014.The Journalist's Guide to Media Law: A handbook for communicators in a digital world. Allen Unwin. Privacy Act 1988

Conscience free essay sample

Role of Eyes and Hands Symbols are used throughout literature to express various meanings and ideas. William Shakespeare, in his play Macbeth, uses several symbols to explore a multitude of qualities of human nature. Eyes and hands are significant symbols that are continually used throughout the play. The eyes represent the knowledge of deeds, both past and present, and a person’s true thoughts and intentions, while the hand represents the person’s actions. Eyes and hands bring up the motif of sightlessness, one of the common curses from the witches, which is mentioned by Macbeth several times throughout the play. They play a large role in developing the characters of Macbeth and Lady Macbeth by revealing a number of characteristics of human nature, specifically the duplicity, blindness, and conscience of humans. Eyes and hands are used to display the duplicitous nature of humans. When Lady Macbeth says, â€Å"bear welcome in your eye, // Your hand, your tongue: look like the innocent flower // But be the serpent under ‘t, â€Å" (I, v, 63-65) she advises Macbeth to act deceitful by making sure his eyes are welcoming and not showing his true desires. In numerous religions and cultures, eyes are considered to be the window into the soul that show all thoughts and desires desires and are related to prophecy. Macbeth has recently received the witches’ prophecy that states that he will become King. He must show false thoughts in his eyes to ensure that Duncan does not see his true intentions and the prophecy foretold. If Duncan were to find out Macbeth’s true aim, then Duncan would not stay and Macbeth would not be able to murder the King. Lady Macbeth realizes the importance of this and uses the symbol of eyes to encourage Macbeth to act duplicitous. The hand is used to represent the actions that Macbeth performs. Lady Macbeth tells him that he must be welcoming in his actions and not show any traces of the crimes he is going to commit. Furthermore, Macbeth and Lady Macbeth wash their hands after the murder of Duncan. They deceive the others by washing their hands to hide the deed. Lady Macbeth says, â€Å"A little water clears us of this deed,† (II, ii, 67) which demonstrates the cleansing properties of water. Water is used to cleanse the mind and soul; however, Macbeth and Lady Macbeth have not had their minds and souls cleansed. They have only cleansed themselves physically and deceive others with their appearances. They are able to show that their hands and actions are clear and free of sin, but their conscience is covered in blood. Just as eyes and hands are used to display the duplicitous nature of humans, they also display human blindness. Eyes and hands also play a large role in showing human blindness, both morally and willfully. After the death of Duncan, Macbeth, while looking at his blood-stained hands, says, â€Å"This is a sorry sight,† (II, ii, 21) to which Lady Macbeth responds, â€Å"A foolish thought to say a sorry sight,† (II, ii, 22) which exhibits Lady Macbeth’s moral blindness. While Macbeth feels the guilt and horror of the murder, Lady Macbeth tells him that it is absurd to feel guilty for the murder. Lady Macbeth sees Macbeth’s bloody hands, which represent the dreadful murder of Duncan, and instead of feeling the same guilt and horror, she feels nothing. Prior to the murder of Banquo, Macbeth says: Come, seeling night, Scarf up the tender eye of pitiful day, And with thy bloody and invisible hand Cancel and tear to pieces that great bond. (III, ii, 46-49) Macbeth calls to the blinding night to cover all sight and to not allow for people to see any deeds the hand performs. Macbeth commands the night to hide the eye of daytime so that no one will see the actions he will perform. Macbeth then brings up the bloody and invisible hand of night to defeat Banquo and Fleance. Macbeth displays his willful blindness by wanting the hand to not be seen, allowing him to be ignorant of the crime and not bear the guilt of committing it. Macbeth becomes engulfed in the night and darkness and calls upon it to help achieve his own ambitious goal. Macbeth had earlier hesitated in killing Duncan and even told Lady Macbeth, â€Å"We will proceed no further in this business,† (I, vii, 31). Macbeth felt the guilt after the murder of Duncan. Now, however, he becomes morally blind, for he does not even feel any emotion for planning the murder of Banquo and Fleance. Additionally, following the declaration of the Prince of Cumberland, Macbeth says: Stars, hide your fires! Let not light see my black and deep desires The eye wink at the hand; yet let that be Which the eye fears, when it is done, to see. ’ (I, iv, 52-53) This further reveals Macbeth’s willful blindness. He does not want the light to illuminate and reveal his dark intentions, and calls for the dark night again to hide his actions. Macbeth realizes that the murder of Duncan is a horrible thought, yet he chooses to remain ignorant of it so that he will not feel guilty. He believes that if the eye does not see what the hand does, then the action has never been performed, for he hs no knowledge of it. Macbeth fears seeing the horrid deed because then he must accept that he has done it. Macbeth does not want to feel the effects of the guilt and feels that ignorance of the deed will save him from it. Just as human blindness is explored through the symbols of eyes and hands, so also are the characteristics of human conscience Human conscience is explored through both Macbeth and Lady Macbeth actions using eyes and hands. While Macbeth is washing his hands after Duncan’s murder he says: What hands are here! Ha! they pluck out mine eyes. Will all great Neptune’s ocean wash this blood Clean from my hand? No, this my hand will rather The multitudinous seas incarnadine, Making the green one red. (II, ii, 59-63) This demonstrates Macbeth’s guilt for the murder of Duncan. He sees his bloody hands, which symbolize the crime he has committed, and he feels the guilt in his eyes. The knowledge of the crime makes him feel uncomfortable and overcome with guilt. Macbeth says that nothing will be able to cleanse away the dark deeds he has committed. They will instead be shown to the world and his guilt will never be erased. Lady Macbeth’s hallucinations exhibit characteristics of human conscience. Lady Macbeth says, â€Å"Yet here’s a spot,† (V, i, 31) in her sleep. She sees a spot of blood on her hand and attempts to wash it. She performs these actions every night at the same hour and she shows the effects of her guilty conscience. When she washed her hands with water following the murder of Duncan, her conscience was not cleared. She suffers the consequences of the guilt through hallucinations and restless sleep. Lady Macbeth attempts to wash and rub her hands to rid herself of the guilt and the spot of blood that gives evidence of murder. Afterwards, when Lady Macbeth cries, â€Å"What, will these hands ne’er be clean,† (V, i, 42) it further demonstrates the effects of murder on her onscience. Macbeth continues to kill Banquo and Lady Macduff. She feels that she can never rid herself of the crimes and blood being spilled. The murders continue and she cannot withstand with the guilt and effects of murder. Her conscience is completely destroyed from the burden and guilt of the murders. Eyes and hands are used as symbols by both Ma cbeth and Lady Macbeth to explore a number of characteristics of human nature, including duplicity, blindness, and conscience. Lady Macbeth tells Macbeth to use his eyes and hands to act duplicitous. She urges him to show a false image to hide his true intentions. Macbeth and Lady Macbeth both engage in hand washing following the murder of Duncan. This displays their deception in showing clean hands free of murder and guilt, while their conscience is bloodied. Eyes and hands are used to demonstrate the moral blindness of Lady Macbeth by showing her complete lack of guilt for the murder of Duncan. Macbeth is shown to be willfully blind by calling for the black night to conceal his actions and not allow his eyes see them. He also refuses to let his eyes see what actions his hand performs. Macbeth becomes morally blind through his inability to feel guilt for the murder of Banquo and Fleance. Human conscience is also explored through eyes and hands as well. Macbeth sees his bloody hands and feels the guilt in his eyes, which burn with pain at the sight of the horrid crime. Lady Macbeth also suffers from a guilty conscience and receives hallucinations of a bloody spot on her hand. Eyes and hands play an important symbolic role throughout all of the play Macbeth. Bibliography Shakespeare, William, and Roma Gill. Macbeth. Oxford [England: Oxford UP, 1992. Print.